NEUROTROPIC ACTION OF EXTRACTS OF TOXIC MUSHROOMS GENUS AMANITA AND PSILOCYBE

M.G. Moldavan, A.A. Grodzinskaya, S.P. Wasser, E.F. Solomko, M.L. Lomberg, V.M. Storozhuk

The spike activity of 87 pyramidal neurons of СА1 region of rat hippocampus were investigated on a survive brain slices during the application of mushrooms extracts of some species of Amanita and Psilosybe genus that reveal a neurotoxic and psychotropic action. During the application of A.muscaria (L.:Fr.) Hook. and A.pantherina (DC: Fr.) Secr. extracts prevailed excitative neuronal reactions as a result of glutamic NMDA receptors and M-cholinoreceptors activation. Neurotoxic action of these extracts should be connected with NMDA receptors activation during ibotenic acid influence. The action of extracts and glutamate showed competitive character. During application of A.citrina (Schaeff.) S.F.Gray and P.cubensis (Earle) Singer mushrooms extracts the inhibitory responses were predominated and were accompanied by suppression of glutamic transmission. These responses were resulted from serotonin receptors activation. A.phalloides (Vail.: Fr.) Secr. extract also suppressed reaction on glutamate.

Thus, toxic neurotropic extracts substances of investigated mushrooms species activated receptors of different mediatory systems and disturbed the glutamic transmission in a specific way. It is possible to assume, that observed in vitro processes of glutamic transmission disturbance in hippocampus may underlie mental disorders which appeared at these species poisonings.

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